The Beatles ( «Beatles, individual members of the ensemble Russian called” Beatle “) – the iconic British rock band from Liverpool: John Lennon (rhythm guitar, piano, harmonica, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, piano, vocals ), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals), Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). Also at different times in the group were Pete Best (drums, vocals) and Stuart Sutcliffe (bass, vocals), Jimmy Nicol (drums). Panel has made an enormous contribution to the development of rock music. Ensemble not only changed her, but also reached an unprecedented popularity, so «The Beatles» became one of the most striking phenomena of the world culture of XX century, sold worldwide over 1 billion records. Appearance, demeanor and beliefs of the musicians made their legislators style that, coupled with the huge popularity led to a significant influence of the cultural and social revolution of 1960. After the collapse of the group, which occurred in 1970, each of its members started a solo career. The Panel considered the greatest in the history of rock ‘n’ roll version of Rolling Stone.

The roots of the ensemble goes in the middle of the 1950′s., The era of rock ‘n’ roll, which formed a world view and musical tastes of future members. In the spring of 1956, John Lennon (1940-1980) first heard the song «Heartbreak Hotel» Elvis Presley, which he said meant an end to all his old life (it is interesting to note that he first heard Bill Haley – the most popular singer rock-n – Roll up Presley – made little impression on him). By the time John was playing harmonica and banjo, now he has to learn guitar. Soon, along with his comrades at the school he founded the group «The Blackjacks», later renamed The Quarrymen, named in honor of their school, Quarry Bank. Kuorrimen playing Skiffle – British form of amateur rock ‘n’ roll – and tried to resemble the Teddy-boys. Summer of 1957, Lennon during one of the first concerts Kuorrimen met with 15-year-old Paul McCartney, who defeated John knowledge of chords and words on the new games rock and roll (such as songs «Twenty Flight Rock» Eddie Cochran), and the fact that he obviously there was a better developed musical (Paul also played the trumpet and piano). In the spring of 1958 for occasional performances, but in the autumn – permanently joined to each of Paul, George Harrison (1943-2001). These three are the backbone of the group for the remaining participants Kuorrimen rock ‘n’ roll was a fad, and they soon fell away from the team.

Quarrymen played sporadically at various parties, weddings, social events, but to present concerts and recordings are not an issue (although in 1958 their money out of curiosity, they recorded a record with two songs), and several participants disagreed (for example, in some Harrison time there own group). Lennon and McCartney, inspired by an example of Buddy Holly and Eddie Cochran (those not only sang, but they themselves played the guitar and write songs themselves, which was not common practice the music industry at that time), have together write their own songs, and they decided to give of dual authorship, by analogy with the U.S. copyright collectives like Leiber and Stoller. In late 1959 the group entered the amateur painter Stuart Sutcliffe, with whom Lennon had met in his art college. Game Sutcliffe did not differ a great skill that often irritated by demanding McCartney. In this form of the ensemble was almost finished: John Lennon (vocals, rhythm guitar), Paul McCartney (vocals, piano, guitar), George Harrison (lead guitar), Stuart Sutcliffe (bass guitar). However, there was a problem – lack of a permanent drummer, which encouraged artists to organize, even humorous contests, inviting the audience to the stage as a drummer.

By the time the group is actively trying to fit into a concert and club life in Liverpool and suburbs. Talent contests followed one after another, but the group always had bad luck. These – more serious – actions forced the musicians to think about a suitable stage name – to the Quarry Bank, none of the participants had had no relations. For example, the local television competition in December 1959 the group performed under the name «Johnny and the Moondogs», which was replaced by others at subsequent concerts. Title «The Beatles» appeared a few months later, in April 1960. There is still no clear answer about exactly who invented the word. According to the recollections of the group, the authors considered neologism Sutcliffe and Lennon, who were fascinated by the idea to choose a name that has different meanings simultaneously. For example was taken Buddy Holly’s band The Crickets ( «crickets, but for the English was a second meaning -” cricket “). Lennon said that the name he coined in his sleep: “I saw a man on the flaming pie, who said:” Let there be beetles “». But just a word Beetles ( «beetles) had no double meaning, only by changing the« e »to« a »has appeared original word: if you pronounce it, you could hear« beetles », but if you see it printed, then immediately rushed root« beat “(a bit of music). Promoters found the name too short and “understated”, so the band was forced at first to change his name to bills for more advertising – «Long John and The Silver Beetles». Panel received more and more offers to speak – usually in pubs and small clubs. In April 1960 The Beatles went to my first little tour of Scotland as an accompanying band Gently Johnny. Their skills as musicians grew steadily, although they continued to be one of the many obscure rock & roll groups in Liverpool.